TPO Official Reading 13 Passage 1 - Types of Social Groups

nonpublic123

同樣是出自於托福TPO考古題 Reading - Official 13 Passage 1 - Types of Social Groups

考古題網站(https://reurl.cc/jRRd2D),捲動至網頁Official 13 Passage 1,鼠標移至上方會浮現在線做題,點選即可觀看文章

該網站會擋中國大陸以外IP,需用chrome外掛程式:(https://reurl.cc/3oQAW9)

其中在第八題-句子改寫題(對應到文章第五段):

答案是 C. Sociologists think primary groups contribute to social solidarity because they help maintain a society's cultural patterns.

第五段中被標起來的句子:

Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society because they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns and provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity.

依我的理解是:

Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society.

Because(primary groups)they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns /and/ provide the sense of oneness, which is so critical for social solidarity.

which = they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns /and/ provide the sense of oneness

所以也等於說primary groups is so critical for social solidarity? 我不確定能不能這樣解讀..

所以primary groups is so critical for social solidarity = C選項的Sociologists think primary groups contribute to social solidarity

they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns = C選項的because they help maintain a society's cultural patterns

不過C選項倒是沒提到原句中的provide the sense of oneness

老實說這題花了很久，最後還是用排除法去猜的

dunchee

nonpublic123 依我的理解是:

Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society.

Because(primary groups)they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns /and/ provide the sense of oneness, which is so critical for social solidarity.

which = they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns /and/ provide the sense of oneness

所以也等於說primary groups is so critical for social solidarity? 我不確定能不能這樣解讀..

No ... "so critical for social solidarity" 修飾 "the sense of oneness"。要用關係子句的寫法來幫助理解的話：
and provide the sense of oneness {that is so critical for social solidarity}.
沒有逗號 / 是限定關係子句

光看這段我無法知道 primary groups 指的是什麼...

nonpublic123

我的理解大概是這樣:

primary groups 在文章的第二段首先給出People are bound within relationships by two types of bonds: expressive ties and instrumental ties.

接著，在第三段又說expressive ties跟instrumental ties這兩種關係又可大致歸類為primary group跟secondary group兩種團體:

Sociologists have built on the distinction between expressive and instrumental ties to distinguish between two types of groups: primary and secondary.

dunchee No ... "so critical for social solidarity" 修飾 "the sense of oneness"。要用關係子句的寫法來幫助理解的話：

原來如此，我想了一下

有可能是Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between….

because they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns and provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity

interpret a society's cultural patterns and provide the sense

這裡的and也許不是以下意思(https://reurl.cc/NGYpgk)

used to join two words, phrases, parts of sentences, or related statements together

而是這個:

as a result

所以這個句子的意思大概是:

社會學家把primary groups看作是個體跟較大的社會之間的橋樑，因為primary groups傳遞,調解,詮釋社會的文化形式，而這提供了對社會團結如此重要的一體感。

所以答案C. Sociologists think primary groups contribute to social solidarity because they help maintain a society's cultural patterns.

社會學家認為primary groups促成了社會團結因為他們幫助維持社會的文化形式

這樣看應該就沒錯了。

dunchee

nonpublic123 而是這個:
as a result

I don't see it that way, but I won't say it's wrong. You still get the correct answer anyway.

nonpublic123

感謝您的回覆，或許我也應該考慮其他的句子分析方法，我會再研究看看這句子。

dunchee

也許是這個：(這個之前我有查過，只是查的幾本字典沒合適項目。今天再查了一下才找到)(應該是這個了)
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/provide
to produce something useful that can be used as part of a process or activity:

A well-established management process should provide a framework for the integration of all business units and operations.

換句話說
... and provide the sense of oneness (so critical) for social solidarity.